What is DNS and how to change?
One of the most controversial decisions for the Internet ecosystem is to block access to certain sites (like Twitter, for example, in Venezuela or Turkey).
Because of these actions, we show how to avoid blockages. The most popular is to use the service for resolving domain names Google, better known as Google Public DNS. In this way, users can choose which addresses 8.8.8.8 and 8.8.4.4 as primary and secondary DNS servers for IPv4 connections or 2001: 4860: 4860 :: 8888 and 2001: 4860: 4860 :: 8844 to IPv6, rather than those who use their
Internet service providers (
ISP ). In social networks pictures of graffiti with Google DNS became popular. But how is it used to circumvent the blockade - and why now no longer work? The
Domain Name System (Domain Name System,
DNS ) allows Internet networks using names instead of IP addresses to access a device. Thanks to DNS, you can access anywhere through its web address and not through the IP address of your server. The benefit is for the end user, who can more easily remember the domain names that many IP addresses . As an example, you can access the same site by typing the address
www.google.com instead of
http://173.194.37.20 . Both directions lead to the same content, but the first does so via a generic domain, while the second is an
IP address . This DNS system is composed of many servers are responsible for resolving these requests, ie, to
return the IP associated with each domain . Each machine, by default, has a small DNS server that stores a cache with the latest addresses
resolved(some browsers also store a small cache). This cache can consult at any time, and just run a certain command in the terminal prompt (in the case of Windows,
ipconfig / displaydns ). The
TLD or Top Level Domains (
TLDs ) are divided into generic TLD ( gTLD) and country code TLD (ccTLD). Common examples of gTLDs are .com and .net, managed by VeriSign. Regarding the ccTLD are two letter domains which vary in each country: Chile .cl, .es for Spain, .fr for France or .mx for Mexico. The administration of each depends on each nation. A complete list of TLD is available on the
website of the IANA . The table includes TLD internationalized, written in non-Latin alphabets.
Blocking DNS services In countries, the initial strategy focuses on preventing users are directed to the server page (www.twitter.com for example) when applying for visit . Services DNS resolution ISPs send users to sites where court orders in which the lock is based is. By using a utility such as that offered by Google, users can avoid the prohibition, since Google Public DNS refers users to the site corresponding to the requested domain.
Others are known DNS OpenDNS:
www.opendns.com208.67.222.222 and 208.67.220.220 Neustar DNS:
http://www.neustar.biz/services/dns-services/ free-recursive-dns 156.154.70.1 and 156.154.71.1 Norton DNS:
https://dns.norton.com/configureRouter.html 199.85.126.20 and 199.85.127.20 Comodo DNS:
www.comodo.com/secure-dns/switch 8.26 .56.26 and 8.20.247.20
How to exchange them?Why?
They can improve the performance of the connection . According to experience these services are faster reflecting changes in the IP of the servers pointing domains. We must also add that many countries do their level locks DNS servers; use other servers often allows us to ignore the blockade. We will propose two alternatives: the Google DNS and OpenDNS. The configuration is performed identically choose one or the other service, changing only the IP addresses that introduce as Primary DNS and Secondary DNS.
Platform independent
OpenDNS
Primary Nameserver: 208.67.222.222
Secondary Nameserver: 208.67.220.220
Google Public DNS
Primary Nameserver: 8.8.8.8
Secondary Nameserver: 8.8.4.4v
02/16/2011 00:04:55 If(ATM1) get secondary DNS IP:195.121.1.66
02/16/2011 00:04:55 If(ATM1) get primary DNS IP:195.121.1.34
02/16/2011 00:04:55 If(ATM1) get IP:77.171.106.229
FREE DNS SERVERS:
=> Service provider: Google
Google public dns server IP address:
8.8.8.8
8.8.4.4
=> Service provider:Dnsadvantage
Dnsadvantage free dns server list:
156.154.70.1
156.154.71.1
=> Service provider:OpenDNS
OpenDNS free dns server list / IP address:
208.67.222.222
208.67.220.220
=> Service provider:Norton
Norton free dns server list / IP address:
198.153.192.1
198.153.194.1
=> Service provider: GTEI DNS (now Verizon)
Public Name server IP address:
4.2.2.1
4.2.2.2
4.2.2.3
4.2.2.4
4.2.2.5
4.2.2.6
=> Service provider: ScrubIt
Public dns server address:
67.138.54.100
207.225.209.66
Other anti-censorship DNS servers:
85.88.19.10 (German Xail.net) sehr schnell!
85.88.19.11 (German Xail.net)
87.118.100.175 (German Privacy Foundation e.V.)
94.75.228.28 (German Privacy Foundation e.V.)
62.141.58.13 (German Privacy Foundation e.V.)
85.25.251.254 (German Privacy Foundation e.V.) langsam!
85.214.73.63 (FoeBuD e.V.)
212.82.225.7 (ClaraNet)
212.82.226.212 (ClaraNet)
213.73.91.35 (Chaos Computer Club Berlin)
58.6.115.42 (OpenNIC, Australien)
58.6.115.43 (OpenNIC, Australien)
119.31.230.42 (OpenNIC, Australien)
200.252.98.162 (OpenNIC, Brasilien)
217.79.186.148 (OpenNIC, Deutschland)
82.229.244.191 (OpenNIC, Frankreich)
216.87.84.211 (OpenNIC, USA)
2002:d857:54d2:2:20e:2eff:fe63:d4a9 (OpenNIC, IPv6 USA)
2001:470:1f07:38b::1 (OpenNIC, IPv6 USA)
2001:470:1f10:c6::2 (OpenNIC, IPv6 USA)
66.244.95.20 (OpenNIC, USA)
204.152.184.76 (f.6to4-servers.net, ISC)
2001:4f8:0:2::14 (f.6to4-servers.net, IPv6, ISC)
194.150.168.168 (dns.as250.net; anycast DNS!)
80.237.196.2 (Erdgeist)
194.95.202.198 (UDK Berlin)
88.198.130.211 (Dataflash)
78.46.89.147 (ValiDOM)
129.206.100.126 (URZ Uni Heidelberg)
79.99.234.56 (justnet.ch, Schweiz)
208.67.220.220 (OpenDNS)
208.67.222.222 (OpenDNS)
156.154.70.22 (Comodo Secure DNS)
156.154.71.22 (Comodo Secure DNS)
85.25.149.144 (Freie DNS-Server)
87.106.37.196 (Freie DNS-Server)
8.8.8.8 (Google Public DNS)
8.8.4.4 (Google Public DNS)
88.198.24.111 (jali/CCCHB)
